After three decades without a Population and Housing Census, a census enumeration was conducted throughout most of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar from 30 March to 10 April 2014. To vouch for transparency of the census and to better understand the way data were collected, the Department of Population within the Ministry of Immigration and Population (MOIP) put in place an independent Census Observation Mission. United Nations Population Fund and the donor countries were highly supportive of this initiative