There were an estimated 189,000 people living with HIV in Myanmar in 2013. HIV prevalence in the general adult population in Myanmar has been declining steadily over the last decade, but remains relatively high among key populations such as people who inject drugs (PWID), men who have sex with men (MSM) and female sex workers (FSW) and their clients.i While there is a general downward trend in HIV prevalence among FSW and PWID, it has recently increased among MSM.ii Prevalence levels among younger FSW and MSM (under 24 years) suggest that young people in these two populations are at risk.iii High-risk sexual contact and the use of contaminated needles and syringes are the primary drivers of the epidemic among the key affected populations.